ABSTRACT
Death due to drowning is almost frequent in India, so it is but natural that, medico-legal expertise is called upon for investigations. Determining the cause of death in bodies found in water is quite challenging, which can be done by thorough investigation and complete autopsy by forensic pathologist. The present study was a retrospective, which was conducted for one year during June 2016 to May 2017 considering upon history and postmortem finding of the deceased. The maximum drowning cases were of male sex (74.73%), with commonest affected age group being 21-30 years (30.64%). Most of the drowning cases were accidental (55.91%) in nature and occurred commonly in water canal (55.37%), and rivers (25.26%). The most significant findings noted on autopsy were decomposition and animal bites (gnawing effects) (54.83%) and presence of heavy, voluminous, edematous and congested lungs with c/s showing copious frothy fluid (52.15%)
ABSTRACT
Background: Identification is the act of establishing the identity of an individual. This is a dynamic process and human remains in form of bones can serve as an excellent tool for establishing the sexual identity of the deceased, along with other methods such as DNA, fingerprints, blood group identification etc. Metric analysis of various bones can serve as a viable alternative in cases when morphological analysis is not possible due to damage to the skeletal remains or as an additive analytical tool to establish a positive identity.Methods: Metric analysis of various parameters of randomly selected 100 pairs of human talus bones (50 male and 50 female) as a means of establishing sexual identity from skeletal remains obtained from unidentified and unclaimed dead bodies brought for autopsy.Results: In the present study we found that the values of all the various dimensions measured were higher among the male subjects as compared to that in female samples as was expected. On further analysis, this difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). For the right sided and left sided talus bone, the probable accuracy for various parameters ranged between 83.3% to 100% each, thus indicating strong correlation between sex of the subject and various measurements.Conclusions: The tarsal and their dimensions are highly sexually dimorphic and are useful in determining sex in individuals of this region.
ABSTRACT
The advances in criminalistics and forensic psychiatry in these present times and the combined studies of workers of the specialties of Forensic Medicine and Psychiatry has led to renewed interest in investigating and documenting sex crimes. The term offender is used for a person who actively takes part in an offence or goes blatantly against the law. The term can be simultaneously / interchangeably used for a criminal. Sex related homicides include rape murders, serial murders, killings involving both of anal and oral sodomy and other acts of sexual perversions terminating in homicide. In this paper a brief summarization of sex related crimes, their psychodynamics and offender profile is detailed with comparative comments vis-à-vis the Indian and Western scenarios.